With increased blood pressure, a deadly pathology of the cardiovascular system develops. Characteristic jumps are dangerous to health, and without timely therapy, doctors do not rule out a hypertensive crisis. 30% of all patients have such a problem, and the symptom is getting younger and younger.
What is high blood pressure
Arterial hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is disturbed. Whereas previously only adult patients suffered from a characteristic ailment, modern adolescents are now also at risk. Arterial hypertension without timely treatment can lead to disability and lead to the death of a person.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a double reading is obtained. If you decode it, you can get a real picture of the disease. The first value characterizes the systolic (upper) pressure, which corresponds to the force of contraction of the heart walls. The second is diastolic (bottom) showing pathogenesis during myocardial relaxation. High blood pressure can be diagnosed at home with a classic tonometer, but it requires clarification in the hospital.
Degree
The pathological process attacks gradually, the symptoms imperceptibly increase, frightening with their intensity and causing other problems with the heart. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what it is, the cardiologist will tell you. The conditional classification of a characteristic disease with short features is presented below:
- The first degree is elementary. The increase in blood pressure is insignificant, limited to 139-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. Art. At first the symptom appears unexpectedly, and then imperceptibly disappears. Pathology can still be cured.
- The second degree is moderate. Possible deviations from the norm remain within 160–180/100–110 mm Hg. Art. , while it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of hypertensive crisis increases.
- The third degree is pronounced. Deviations from the norm are frightening in their extent, approaching 180 and more / 111 mm Hg. Art. When hypertension manifests itself in this way, the degree of the pathological process leads to a violation of cardiac activity.
species
This disease has several conditional classifications, which will help the specialist to characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, make an adequate diagnosis and choose the most effective treatment for the timely relief of anxiety symptoms. All existing types of high blood pressure are briefly described below:
- by etiology: arterial hypertension of the primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurogenic;
- by complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or unstable high blood pressure.
Causes of high blood pressure
To ensure a long remission, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main causes of hypertension are impaired blood circulation through the vessels, limited flow into the left ventricle. In modern medicine, there is a completely logical explanation for this - structural changes in blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
In men
Women are more prone to a characteristic ailment, but it can also progress in the male body. The main causes of hypertension in men are presented below, but experts strongly recommend avoiding such provoking factors and eliminating them from your life in time. That:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- Bad habits;
- previously suffered injuries related to a violation of the circulatory system;
- age-related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- Alcoholism;
- Tendency or presence of any of the forms of obesity.
Among women
If hypertension progresses in the female body - what it is, you can find out at the appointment with the local therapist, a highly specialized specialist. The diagnosis is unpleasant, difficult to treat effectively. In order to avoid complications in time, it is important to know the main causes of hypertension in women. That:
- severe emotional shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- overweight, obesity;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- condition before menopause;
- increase in blood cholesterol levels;
- the old age of the patient.
signs of high blood pressure
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must respond in a timely manner to changes in the general condition characteristic of the disease. Distinguishing hypertension is not easy, this is the doctor's job, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. There is instability of blood pressure, dependent on external stimuli. Other signs of high blood pressure depend on the gender of the prospective cardiologist patient.
Among women
The representatives of the weaker sex react sharply to the slightest changes in health, so it is easier for them to detect the appearance of a problem in their own body. The disease can overtake the patient in an "interesting position. "The main signs of high blood pressure in women are:
- spontaneous headaches at different times of the day;
- Landing of vision, loss of sharpness with sharp turns of the body and head;
- swelling of the lower extremities;
- excessive irritability;
- Swelling of the face in the morning.
In men
At first, patients do not feel any changes in their general condition, and the slightest discomfort indicates increased physical activity, excessive fatigue or an environmental factor. Over time, the symptoms of high blood pressure in men become more pronounced, indicating progressive heart failure. That:
- decreased potency, problems having sex;
- drop in concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressed state;
- Fly in front of the eyes syndrome with sudden movements.
treatment
Knowing who hypertensive patients are, we can say with certainty that these people must "sit" on pills their entire lives to keep their overall health at the "fair" mark. There is no way to completely cure the disease, but it is quite possible to treat it. If you are interested in the treatment of hypertension, the features of the conservative method are presented below. Necessary:
- Conduct all the necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Give up bad habits, go on a therapeutic diet.
- Do you regularly take medications that lower blood pressure;
- Eliminate the risk of complications with regular examinations by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat high blood pressure without medication?
If there is no desire to take an antihypertensive drug and the attitude to drugs is strongly negative, what to do with hypertension? Doctors recommend being outdoors more often, taking multivitamin complexes with iron content to maintain systemic circulation, giving up bad habits and choosing effective cardio exercises. Don't lead an isolated lifestyle. However, at the stage of relapse, you still need to take antihypertensive drugs to avoid the risk of complications during myocardial work.
Diet for high blood pressure and heart disease
Therapeutic nutrition eliminates salt consumption and aims to control the body's water balance. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly is it, how is it treated? The cardiologist will tell you. For example, a diet for hypertension and heart disease provides the following restrictions on the patient's usual diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- beverages containing caffeine;
- sharpness, pickles, smoked meat;
- Offal;
- Alcohol;
- fatty meals.
If this is chronic high blood pressure, what is it in terms of nutrition? Permitted:
- lean meat;
- unsalted cereals;
- Dairy products.